Exam format

9 exams · pass mark 75%

• Air Law010about 16 questions · 35 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

• Aircraft General Knowledge020about 16 questions · 35 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

• Flight Performance and Planning030about 12 questions · 45 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

• Human Performance040about 12 questions · 25 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

• Meteorology050about 16 questions · 50 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

• Navigation060about 12 questions · 45 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

• Operational Procedures070about 12 questions · 30 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

• Principles of Flight080about 12 questions · 35 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

• Communications090about 12 questions · 20 min · 4 answer options per question
  Allowed materials

  Calculator or mechanical flight computer, protractor, compasses or dividers, and a ruler. Electronic flight computers are not allowed. Navigation uses the 1:500,000 Southern England and Wales chart. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority

You pass an exam with 75% or more. Source: legislation.gov.uk

Rules

• Pass all exams within 18 months, counted from the end of the month of your first attempt. Source: legislation.gov.uk
• At most 4 attempts per exam. Source: legislation.gov.uk
• Your passes count for 24 months for the licence, from the day you pass the last exam. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority
• The CAA has decided to move to one validity period of 36 months and to drop the four-attempt rule. That needs new legislation and is not in force yet. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority
• Since 1 October 2025 the CAA no longer issues the LAPL(A). The same exams count for the PPL(A) and the NPPL(A). Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority
• The FRTOL radio licence has its own practical test. A pass in Communications (090) counts towards it. Source: UK Civil Aviation Authority
• You take the exams with UK CAA. Exam language: English.

Units and conventions

Altimeter setting

hPa

Visibility

metres and kilometres

Distance

nautical miles (NM)

Speed

knots (kt)

Altitude

feet (ft)

Mass

kilograms (kg)

Fuel

litres (L)

Phraseology

UK CAP 413

Radio licence

separate exam: FRTOL